Swath-PAC

“Russia has invaded Crimea and other parts of Ukraine and has tried covertly to destabilize European democracies. China has built artificial island fortresses in international waters, claimed vast swaths of the western Pacific, and moved to organize Eurasia economically in ways favorable to Beijing. And the Islamic Republic of Iran has expanded its influence over much of Iraq, Lebanon, Syria, and Yemen and is pursuing nuclear weapons.”

“The New Containment, Handling Russia, China and Iran” by Michael Mandelbaum from The Rise and Fall of Peace on Earth (Oxford University Press, 2019) adapted to Foreign Affairs essay [MAR/APR 2019 at 123].